National Security

Summary of (Project on National Security
Reform)
Over history all the steady and strong countries they do not reach their stability without strong
national security. This article explains the most important project(Project on National Security
Reform) which reformed the regulations between the USA national security departments. As
well as, offers some feedback to use them in urgent cases also helps the decision makers to be
updated by the last threats. Some voices were concern about a gap between the Executive
Office of the President (EOP) and ministry superintendent. Therefore, this Project is
concentrated on covering the gap by efficient strategies. This project drives to examine the
history of the national security through work groups in each aspect of the security life.This
study is suitable for John M. & Christen B. Writing strategy that flowed through the three
moves. Move1: in this move the writer showed the necessary of the project by using strong
words like the highest level of the political authority.
Move 1b: “One of the main precursors to this initiative was the Goldwater-Nichols DOD
Reorganization Act of 1986. This legislation proved to be a successful attempt to reform the
structure and processes of the Department of Defense to improve its abilities to gather and
disseminate information to the President and his staff and vice-versa.”
Move-2 the author showed the need for the project “In this new age of national security,
measures must be taken to better equip key states, like the U.S., to handle the strategic and
logistical challenges of providing national security to its citizens and thereby better serving its
vital interests.” Also, he explored the gap in the national security operations “This ambitious
project is focused primarily on the deficiencies of the current system to act cohesively across a
wide spectrum of agencies and departments.” Move3:1the scholar in this move explained the
purpose of the project “To study and identify the potential implications stemming from the
national security system in its current state and to make recommendations for reform,
ultimately paving the way for a new National Security Act of 2008.”
The Project on National Security Reform: Overview and Relevance to Current Public Policy
Issues and Trends. In 1986, Goldwater-Nichols DOD Reorganization introduced this initiative
to reformat the ministry of defense toward the main goals as well as to become more active and
accurate at the defense abilities. Also, to gather and concentrate the ministry departments to
serve the national security as best as they can. Before that initiative, there were independent
operating in all branches of the United States Military. Furthermore, each unit trying to keep it
influence and they protect their independence. Unless if there are huge missions, they
exchange some information as well as they join each other to accomplish some operations.
PNS applied new commands and military connections between all branches that lead
making all branches of the army under Joint Chiefs of Staff.These new military protocols help
the leadership of the country streamlined the power commands. Also, promote the army in the
fast entry in an urgent situation. Overall, this project has a direct impact on the entire national
security system by attempting to improve and promote enactment. For example, these strategies
played a very strong role in the First Gulf War. As it shown up, there are some concerns of the
independent interact in the departments and agencies of the national security. This project
studied the security situation depending on five pillars. Also, the research teams divided to
twelve team to study all the five pillars from different aspects and the strategies of the
legalizing, practice, follow-up and evaluation.
First, outreach and problem definition this pillar leads putting all the actors who are in charge
of national security regardless their departments, connecting and identifying the issues and
existing reform efforts through those highlighted entities.
Second, analysis of deficiencies in the national security system. This pillar will focus on
analyzing the history of national security in all aspects whether strength or weakness. Overall,
this process will run through nine working groups. Each group runs by an expert guide who
has a high qualification in the specific field that will be under his team focus.
Third, Developing Mechanisms for Reform, this phase involves the essential aspect of
garnering support through Congressional leadership. This team will involve in a role to be
connection circle between the congressional management’s and the national security
leadership that will allow them to pressure the lawmakers within Congress and the Senate to
change some policy to fit with the new reform.
The fourth pillar, Formulation of Recommendations, which is dovetail with the last section
of the third pillar. In this stage, researchers work to conclude the recommendations and format
them for the legal approve. This stage has to conclude and analysis all the groups outcomes
and produce clear recommendations.
The fifth and final phase of the Project on National Security Reform is Support to
Implementation Process. While this strategy is new, the staff and other relative people will face
some obstacles executing the new vision in the national forces leadership and the traditional
system with policy-makers, they need a huge support and a strong influence to fit these
changes in the military system. Also, this team will work to ease the dramatic changes in the
military departments, through legalizing the project in the Congress.
The working groups, all the project process divided to study by twelve working teams
included the nine teams of the pillar of analyzing deficiencies in the national security system.
That will help to study all the national security areas and produce more details and clear
findings.”The groups will conduct research and analysis, formulate recommendations, and
finally provide support for the implementation process. The twelve groups are; Overarching
Issues; Case Studies; Vision and Guiding Principles; Strategy, Policy, and Planning Processes;
Structure; Human Capital (People); Knowledge Management; Resources; Congressional
Oversight; Congressional Mechanisms for Reform; Legal Affairs; and Implementation.”
1-) Overarching Issues – by default the national security reform needs to subject for
comprehensive study. This team works to find various findings and conclusions; the research
necessitates an overarching team to promote the findings collection. Therefore, this team will
work on analyzing the general security issues and new mission areas that outflow of the
security framework. Also, the national security reform efforts in other countries and regions,
identify and review approaches that may have value to the United States.
2-) Case Studies – This Working Group will present the central hub of the systematic study
for the project through focusing and studying important matters in the history of the country.
This team works by applying well-organized research methodology, as well as the team will
study about 20 cases of significant achievements and collapses in security history of the
national security.
3-)Vision and Guiding Principles – for any project it must be some main principles, vision,
and purpose. That will require the agreement of all organizational theorists to begin the
project. For this reason, this group will study whether all the military faith in all national
security agencies and departments will accept these updates or is there any reject. Also, the
team will examine to which extent the military doctrine cover and work under the new
policies.
4-) Strategy, Policy, and Planning Processes – One of the PNSR directing combination
members, General Brent Scowcroft, a former National Security Advisor, recognize the
insufficiency in the national security strategic planning as one of the National Security
Council’s pillars. Therefore, strategic planning will classify the influential purpose and
consequently develop strategies to reach those goals.
5-)Structure – This working group will endeavor to acquaint whatever organizational
formation determine and how it correlate to national security. The national structures, regional
structures, and country structures all these levels of the structure will analyze by this team.
6-)Human Capital – this team will study the workers affairs and organizational culture of
the National Security Council, the Department of Homeland Security, and the various agencies
that will explain the effects of the new policies on the operators’ life. Also, deciding whether
contrast habitat and vogues affect interagency participation or rendering
7-) Knowledge Management – this factor is one of the most important and critical factors of
the national security structure that focus on the collection organization and analysis of
information.To this end, the timely manner to respond to the national security threats, this
factor becomes essential. The dynamic and changeable nature of contemporary menaces
require rapid communication inclinations, smooth entrance to crucial information, and the
expeditious promulgation of recitations discovered.
😎 Resources – This working group runs by analyzing the exchequer apportionment
methods for funding the mechanisms that protect national sovereignty. This group will study
all the financial aspects throughout diverse missions and departments, how finance supplies do
request, and other issues involving finance oversight. As well as, funding overseas urgent relief
military, and developmental programs.
9-) Congressional Oversight – This working group reviews the role of Congress in
supporting, overseeing, and finance the national security operations. While the Congress
focuses exclusively on department and agency authorities and budgets will reinforce
interagency divisions in the national security structure. This team will make up new
regulations drive the Congress policies to work with high efficiency in the national protection
issues.
10-) Congressional Mechanisms for Reform – This Working Group will work in a link
position with Congressional leadership and their staffs to explore ways in which processes
within Congress are opposing national security affairs and discuss Congressional
improvement. The group will be mainly concerned with oversight, permission and
appropriation, council authority, and House and Senate rules.
11-)Legal Affairs – This group headed by Gordon Ledermen of the Council on international
affairs is tasked with distinguishes any legal issues that might hinder the government’s
capacity to fulfill national security amelioration proposals. The group will also promote
formulate clarification to those legal problems and work to achieve them. At the end of the
Project, this group’s chief duty will be to establish a new draft of the national security act and
moreover other official commands or legal rules through the Congress and then propose them
to their respective authorities. Will be actual to draft the new National Security Act and any
other Executive Orders or Congressional resolutions and then propose them to their respective
authorities.
12-)Implementation – This group fundamentally will perform in a lobbying position
although PNSR is not authorized a policy advocate. Its mission will be to promote Congress
through the enforcement step, help board officers with investigation and drafting, and be
available to Members of Congress for upholding or to solve any situations that might come
about.
Preliminary Findings, the researchers suggest that while the founding democratic principles of
the United States are very effective in encouraging democratic models, the government
foundations that have advanced from this structure are in need of restoration. Those principles
expressly obvious in the capacity of the national government to recover, supply, and arrange
qualified people in positions that serve the country’s national security obligation. For those
that direct the case studies, these findings encourage the necessity for extra investigations,
analysis, and clarification formulation. Therefore, the project appears to be a certified effort
that recommences to gain momentum and support from an array of areas